At the moment, the world is hugely reliant on petroleum sources of energy. Almost every process that human beings engage in involves some level of use of petroleum energy. In fact, there are some countries whose entire economies are dependent on petroleum products. That is why a slight change in the prices of oil and oil products usually causes a rippling effect in the world economy.
Because of the high dependence on petroleum products, studies are still being carried out to develop effective methods of extraction. The aim of the studies is to find ways of exploiting oil while keeping costs down. Fracking is among the methods that have been developed recently to help in oil extraction. Although the technique is very efficient, efforts for achieving clean fracking technology are still being made.
The word fracking is the shortened version of hydrauling fracturing, a procedure in which chemicals, sand and water are injected underground in order to fracture layers of rock to give access to the oil. A very high pressure is employed in pumping the mixture of chemicals, sand and water in order to yield the force needed in cracking layers of rock.
Fraccing, hydro fracking, and hydro fracturing are the other names used in reference to this technology. The mixture of chemicals, water, and sand is called fracking fluid. After the fluids have created the cracks, free flow of gas is allowed for by natural gas, brine, and petroleum. After the removal of hydraulic pressure from the wells, the fractures that are formed are left open. Tiny grains of hydraulic fracturing proppants are used to hold fractures open.
The history of fracking technology is long, even though its popularity only happendd in mid 2000s. As early as 1949, fracking technology was being used. In places such as Kansas, it was employed to enahnce gas flow in wells. In 2000s however, oil firms found techniques though which horizontal drilling could be used together with fracking, while incurring low costs in extraction processes.
This entire process uses chemicals heavily. As a result, it cannot be classified as a clean or environmentally friendly method. Even so, there are efforts that are aimed at making it more friendly to the environment. In one of the ways aimed at minimizing pollution, research has indicated that the use of friction-reducing additives can allow the use of recycled water or brine.
During extraction of oil, the processes of pumping and drilling employ heavy equipment that run on diesel engines. These engines release a lot of harmful pollutants and carbon into the air. In order to make the process notably cleaner, cleaner energy sources or natural gas can be used in place of diesel to power the engines. Natural gas has the capacity of reducing costs by nearly 40 percent.
Methane emission is a major concern in oil extraction sites. Recently, it has been established that a lot of methane gas escapes into the air. In fact, a study found that more than 50 percent of methane escapes into the air than official estimates provided by the US government. By finding ways of curbing the escape of methane gas, the process can become much cleaner.
Because of the high dependence on petroleum products, studies are still being carried out to develop effective methods of extraction. The aim of the studies is to find ways of exploiting oil while keeping costs down. Fracking is among the methods that have been developed recently to help in oil extraction. Although the technique is very efficient, efforts for achieving clean fracking technology are still being made.
The word fracking is the shortened version of hydrauling fracturing, a procedure in which chemicals, sand and water are injected underground in order to fracture layers of rock to give access to the oil. A very high pressure is employed in pumping the mixture of chemicals, sand and water in order to yield the force needed in cracking layers of rock.
Fraccing, hydro fracking, and hydro fracturing are the other names used in reference to this technology. The mixture of chemicals, water, and sand is called fracking fluid. After the fluids have created the cracks, free flow of gas is allowed for by natural gas, brine, and petroleum. After the removal of hydraulic pressure from the wells, the fractures that are formed are left open. Tiny grains of hydraulic fracturing proppants are used to hold fractures open.
The history of fracking technology is long, even though its popularity only happendd in mid 2000s. As early as 1949, fracking technology was being used. In places such as Kansas, it was employed to enahnce gas flow in wells. In 2000s however, oil firms found techniques though which horizontal drilling could be used together with fracking, while incurring low costs in extraction processes.
This entire process uses chemicals heavily. As a result, it cannot be classified as a clean or environmentally friendly method. Even so, there are efforts that are aimed at making it more friendly to the environment. In one of the ways aimed at minimizing pollution, research has indicated that the use of friction-reducing additives can allow the use of recycled water or brine.
During extraction of oil, the processes of pumping and drilling employ heavy equipment that run on diesel engines. These engines release a lot of harmful pollutants and carbon into the air. In order to make the process notably cleaner, cleaner energy sources or natural gas can be used in place of diesel to power the engines. Natural gas has the capacity of reducing costs by nearly 40 percent.
Methane emission is a major concern in oil extraction sites. Recently, it has been established that a lot of methane gas escapes into the air. In fact, a study found that more than 50 percent of methane escapes into the air than official estimates provided by the US government. By finding ways of curbing the escape of methane gas, the process can become much cleaner.
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